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The LM landed the first men on the moon during the Apollo 11 mission on July 20, It carried two astronauts, Commander Neil A. Armstrong and LM pilot Edwin E. The LM is the only crewed vehicle to land anywhere other than Earth that we know of. Art on the Moon? It is rumored that artwork by Andy Warhol and other contemporary artists were etched onto a half-inch ceramic chip and covertly attached to the leg of a LM.
The artwork still sits on the moon surface with the Intrepid LM, making it the one and only human art museum in outer space. Commander Armstrong stepped out of the LM onto the lunar surface at around 11pm on July 20 EST and uttered his famous words, "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind".
According to Apollo by the Numbers the lander was 31 feet wide by 23 feet high, weighing roughly between 32, and 36, lbs. It had a top speed of 17, mph. The LM computed and performed the lunar landing functions including abort, launch, and rendezvous and docking with Command and Service Module. Grumman built 13 LMs. Ten LMs were sent to space. Six LMs landed humans on the moon. Each Lunar Module had a distinct callsign for each Apollo mission.
LM Lifesaving Role in Apollo As depicted in the famous movie, after the real Apollo 13 mission was aborted two days after launch when an explosion damaged the Service Module crewmen used the LM named Aquarius as a lifeboat to help return them to Earth. The LM - designed to support two astronauts for 45 hours - was used as a lifeboat to house the three astronauts Commander James A.
Lovell Jr. Swigert Jr. Haise Jr. Apollo 13 continued on to the Moon, and the LM descent engine was used to accelerate the spacecraft around the Moon and back to Earth. The LM was jettisoned shortly before reaching Earth, the astronauts returning to the Command Module for the reentry. Fate of the LMs. The crash sites of most LMs are known - but no-one is quite sure where the ascent stages of Apollo 11's module Eagle or Apollo 16's module Orion ended up.
There are two other LMs on display in U. Two additional , partially built and unused LMs were scrapped by Grumman after the Apollo program was cancelled. According to NASA here is what happened to each of the Lunar Modules along with their callsigns and lunar landing sites:. Apollo Advertise With Us. Rainfall totals of 2 to 5 inches with locally higher amounts are possible.
Rainfall rates may exceed one inch per hour at times. The heaviest rainfall is expected to occur late tonight into Tuesday morning. Governor Cuomo and U. Army Corps of Engineers Announce Start of Columnists Have a Story to Share? Print Email. Photo: Public domain. History In , NASA invited 11 companies to submit proposals for a lunar excursion module The proposal process was described by then vice president of Grumman Joseph G.
In his horse-drawn golden chariot, Apollo pulled the sun in its course across the sky each day In March , the first crewed mission of the LM took place In May the LM entered lunar orbit for the first time The LM landed the first men on the moon during the Apollo 11 mission on July 20, It carried two astronauts, Commander Neil A.
It is rumored that artwork by Andy Warhol and other contemporary artists were etched onto a half-inch ceramic chip and covertly attached to the leg of a LM The artwork still sits on the moon surface with the Intrepid LM, making it the one and only human art museum in outer space Photo: NASA.
LM Lifesaving Role in Apollo 13 As depicted in the famous movie, after the real Apollo 13 mission was aborted two days after launch when an explosion damaged the Service Module crewmen used the LM named Aquarius as a lifeboat to help return them to Earth The LM - designed to support two astronauts for 45 hours - was used as a lifeboat to house the three astronauts Commander James A.
Designed for lunar orbit rendezvous, it sat directly beneath the command and service module CSM that rode atop the Saturn V rocket. After collecting soil samples and performing environmental tests, the astronauts flew the LM back to the CSM, where they re-boarded and discarded the module.
Overseen by Grumman aerospace engineer Thomas Kelly, almost every element of its design, construction, and testing pushed and expanded the limits of multiple engineering disciplines. The team developed and incorporated novel lightweight materials and cutting edge electrical, communication, navigation, and computer hardware and software systems.
Several of those engineers volunteer as guides at the museum, which houses many exhibits based on the LM and includes one of the last built for the program. The LM was no exception, proving to be one of the most consistently reliable of the Apollo mission vehicles. But his advisors thought his skills could be put to better use. With the Earth in the background, the Apollo 11 lunar module Eagle rendezvoused in lunar orbit with the command module.
If the rendezvous had failed, the astronauts would have been lost. Like other engineers working on different elements of the program, Lee and his colleagues tested and re-tested everything they designed and implemented until there was no question about its reliability. That work was put to test toward the end of May during the Apollo 10 manned mission to orbit the moon, a dry run for Apollo Ross Bracco often went beyond.
He worked on the LM mainly as a structural designer, as well as with the propulsion engineering group and the flight test department.
He decided an extremely thin but strong honeycomb structure would work best. Bracco tried to hit percent on his. I want to make sure these fellows had the opportunity to come home safely. So I designed a much higher safety factor on my own.
They never knew what to expect. All of a sudden they announced they were shutting things down and made everyone leave the room. It turned out an inspector had found a discarded piece of chewing gum on the floor of the LM.
That type of QA, though, helped save lives of the Apollo 13 crew when a spark from an exposed wire in the. Odyssey CSM caused an oxygen tank to explode, shutting off power to it.
The crew squeezed into the Aquarius LM, built for only two people and not designed for re-entry, using it for life support and propulsion. Lee had just gotten home after a hour shift working in mission support area and was watching TV when his boss called. He worked at the company for 44 years.
Harry Armen, past president of ASME, remembers the spirit of cooperation that fueled that creative, can-do engineering spirit that gave life to the entire Apollo program. During the Apollo program, Armen worked in the research department where he provided answers and solutions related to finite structural analysis, soil mechanics, aerodynamics, all types of optimization techniques, and shell theory for thin-walled construction, to name a few.
The engineers also relied on new mainframe computers and punch cards to solve large-scale equations simultaneously and quickly. But Armen and other engineers across the country had access to something more remarkable than high-speed computers: engineering talent.
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