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Water that would be considered "pure" would be distilled water water condensed from steam and deionized water used in laboratories , although even water of this purity can contain ions. But in our real lives, we normally do not come across any pure water.
If you read our article about water being the " universal solvent " you know that water can dissolve more things than just about any other liquid. Water is a most excellent solvent. It doesn't matter if the water comes out of your kitchen faucet, is in a swimming pool or dog dish, comes out of the ground or falls from the sky, the water will contain significant amounts of dissolved substances, minerals, and chemicals.
These things are the solutes dissolved in water. Don't worry, though—if you swallow a snowflake, it won't hurt you; it may even contain some nice minerals your body needs to stay healthy. Water stops being an excellent insulator once it starts dissolving substances around it. Salts , such as common table salt sodium chloride NaCl is the one we know best.
In chemical terms, salts are ionic compounds composed of cations positively charged ions and anions negatively charged ions. In solution, these ions essentially cancel each other out so that the solution is electrically neutral without a net charge.
Even a small amount of ions in a water solution makes it able to conduct electricity so definitely don't add salt to your "lightning-storm" bathwater. When water contains these ions it will conduct electricity, such as from a lightning bolt or a wire from the wall socket, as the electricity from the source will seek out oppositely-charged ions in the water. Too bad if there is a human body in the way.
Interestingly, if the water contains very large amounts of solutes and ions, then the water becomes such an efficient conductor of electricity that an electrical current may essentially ignore a human body in the water and stick to the better pathway to conduct itself—the masses of ions in the water.
That is why the danger of electrocution in sea water is less than it would be in bathwater. Lucky for hydrologists here at the USGS, water flowing in streams contains extensive amounts of dissolved salts.
Otherwise, these two USGS hydrologists might be out of a job. Many water studies include investigating the fish that live in streams, and one way to collect fish for scientific study is to shoot an electrical current through the water to shock the fish "zap 'em and bag 'em".
Want to know more about conductivity and water? Follow me to the Chloride, Salinity, and Dissolved Solids website! Looking at water, you might think that it's the most simple thing around. Pure water is practically colorless, odorless, and tasteless. But it's not at all simple and plain and it is vital for all life on Earth. Where there is water there is life, and where water is scarce, life has to struggle or just "throw in the towel.
We need to take the statement "Water is the universal solvent" with a grain of salt pun intended. Of course it cannot dissolve everything, but it does dissolve more substances than any other liquid, so the term fits pretty well. Water's solvent properties affect all life on Earth, so water is universally important to all of us. Skip to main content. Search Search. Water Science School.
The material which do not allow electric current to pass through them easily are called poor conducto r of electricity. The metal such as copper and aluminium allow electricity to pass through them easily, so they are good conductors of electricity. The material such as rubber ,plastic ,wood do not allow electric current to pass through them so they are poor conductors of electricity. For example : Solution of sulphuric acid ,hydrochloric acid in water conduct electricity.
Vinegar contains acetic acid and lemon juice contain citric acid also conduct electricity. A solution of sodium hydroxide ,potassium hydroxide or base in water conduct electricity. In solid like copper metal ,electricity is carried by electrons but in a liquid like copper sulphate solution, electricity is carried by copper ions and sulphate ion.
For example: When electricity is passed through a copper wire, no chemical change take place in it but when electricity is passed through acidified water ,then a chemical change take place in which water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen gas.
The chemical changes which take place in conducting liquids on passing electric current through them are called chemical effects of electric current. A conducting liquid is called electrolyte. Copper sulphate solution conducts electricity, therefore copper sulphate solution is an electrolyte. A conducting liquid or electrolyte contain ions that is positively charged and negatively charged ions.
A strong electrolyte is a liquid or solution which conducts electricity very well because it contains a lot of ions in it. For example : Sulphuric acid solution, hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution ,sodium hydroxide solution ,potassium hydroxide solution ,common salt solution ,copper sulphate solution, silver nitrate solution etc. A weak electrolyte is a liquid or solution which conduct electricity to a lesser extent because it contains less number of ions.
For Example: lemon juice ,carbonic acid solution ,ammonium chloride solution ,tap water ,rain water etc. A solid electrical conductor through which an electric current enters or leaves something like a dry cell or an electrolytic cell, is called an electrode.
The electrodes which is connected to the positive terminal of the battery gets positively charged. The positively charged electrode is called anode.
The electrode which is connected to the negative negative terminal of the battery gets negatively charged. The negatively charged electrode is called cathode.
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