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Burials either took place in a public cemetery or under the floors of their houses. Babylonians also believed strongly on the myth of its creation which was recorded on seven clay tablets. One of the earliest Babylonian legends was that of Adapa, the first man. Cuneiform tablets recorded such mythologies. Babylonian culture left a remarkably clear feature much of which can be traced in the Old Testament of Bible.
Babylonian Empire fell apart after the death of Hammurabi. Babylonia dwindled in size to a point that it was easily defeated by the Hittites. The Kassites followed them and renamed the city of Babylon as Karanduniash.
The Assyrians followed the Kassites in dominating the region. The city was completely destroyed by the Assyrian ruler Sennacherib. His son however assassinated the King and rebuilt the city to its former glory. The city which was already an established centre of learning and culture continued to influence its many conquerors.
The retreat of the Assyrians in to the north western Mesopotamia made room for the rise of the Neo-Babylonians. Nebuchadnezzar, the king during this period was as much a builder as a destroyer. He rebuilt old religious monuments which were destroyed mostly in war and improved canals carrying water from the Euphrates. He surrounded Babylon with a double wall to protect his people.
Nebuchadnezzar destroyed Jerusalem and captured its citizens. He took them to Babylon. This time is referred to in Jewish history as the Babylonian Captivity. The city was looted, and the palace and temple were completely destroyed.
The destruction of the temple which had been the central religious institution for the ancient Jews was a heavy blow. The Neo-Babylonian Empire continued after the death of Nebuchadnezzar II and continued to play an important role in the region. However, the empire fell to the Persians under Cyrus the Great. Under Persian rule, Babylonia flourished as a centre of art and education.
Cyrus and his successors held the city in great regard and made it the administrative capital of their empire. Your email address will not be published. Post Comment. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. Stay updated with our Newsletter and get Exclusive Content straight to your inbox. Recommended Books:. Babylonian Culture A three layer wall surrounded and protected the city of Babylon. Babylonian Society The Babylonian society has three distinct social classes.
Trade and Economy Goods for daily use arrived in the markets every day. Babylonians were experts in casting metals Religion and myths Babylonians believed in thousand of gods, out of which only a few were worshiped by the people in everyday life. Babylonian culture left a remarkably clear feature much of which can be traced in the Old Testament of Bible The fall of the Babylonian Empire and the rise of Neo-Babylonian Empire Babylonian Empire fell apart after the death of Hammurabi.
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After Hammurabi conquered neighboring city-states, he brought much of southern and central Mesopotamia under unified Babylonian rule, creating an empire called Babylonia.
Hammurabi turned Babylon into a rich, powerful and influential city. Known as the Code of Hammurabi , it helped Babylon surpass other cities in the region. Babylonia, however, was short-lived. A new line of kings established the Neo-Babylonian Empire, which lasted from B. The Neo-Babylonian Empire became the most powerful state in the world after defeating the Assyrians at Nineveh in B.
The Babylonians built many beautiful and lavish buildings and preserved statues and artworks from the earlier Babylonian Empire during the reign of king Nebuchadnezzar II. In B. The fall of Babylon was complete when the empire came under Persian control. After the Babylonian conquest of the Kingdom of Judah in the sixth century B.
Some stayed, and a Jewish community flourished there for more than 2, years. Many relocated to the newly created Jewish state of Israel in the s. The city of Babylon appears in both Hebrew and Christian scriptures.
Christian scriptures portray Babylon as a wicked city. Hebrew scriptures tell the story of the Babylonian exile, portraying Nebuchadnezzar as a captor. Famous accounts of Babylon in the Bible include the story of the Tower of Babel. According to the Old Testament story, humans tried to build a tower to reach the heavens. When God saw this, he destroyed the tower and scattered mankind across the Earth, making them speak many languages so they could no longer understand each other.
Some scholars believe the legendary Tower of Babel may have been inspired by a real-life ziggurat temple built to honor Marduk, the patron god of Babylon. Art and architecture flourished throughout the Babylonian Empire, especially in the capital city of Babylon, which is also famous for its impenetrable walls.
Hammurabi first encircled the city with walls. Nebuchadnezzar II further fortified the city with three rings of walls that were 40 feet tall. The Greek historian Herodotus wrote that the walls of Babylon were so thick that chariot races were held on top of them. The city inside the walls occupied an area of square miles, roughly the size of Chicago today.
Nebuchadnezzar II built three major palaces, each lavishly decorated with blue and yellow glazed tiles. At some point in time, many men of Babylon will start raising their families.
They have to pay rentals to the landlord for a house. But if we can take a loan and buy a house, the fixed rental we paid to the landlord would now turn to interest payments to the moneylender.
Eventually, the payment would be lower as thy indebtedness to the moneylender decreases. On the sixth day, Arkad addressed the class saying that as one learns to understand the laws of wealth and acquireth a growing surplus, thought must be given to those future days when unexpected events could occur. No man can afford not to insure a treasure for his old age and the protection of his family, no matter how prosperous his business and his investments may be.
Provide in advance for the needs of thy growing age and the protection of thy family. On the last day, Arkad talks about self. Preceeding accomplishment must be desire. Thy desires must be strong and definite.
General desires are but weak longings. Wishing to be rich is of little purpose and a man should set clear tangible desires to his fulfilments.
Desires should be clear, simple and definite. Do not have too many of them else you get confused. Start small, and once you have proven your capabilities to achieve it, larger ones will come your way. This is the process by which wealth is accumulated. The more of wisdom we know, the more we may earn. Perfect your craft and seek greater skill to better serve those upon whose patronage you depend. Do not stand still for you will be left behind. These are the 7 cures for a lean purse.
On the first page and the first sentence of the book, it states that our prosperity as a nation depends upon the personal financial prosperity of each of us as individuals. If everyone in the country is rich, it is certain that the country will also become rich. And so the word spreads, the Babylonians became wiser with managing their finances, they got wealthy and that is how Babylon became the richest city in the world.
In Babylon, it is a custom that the sons of wealthy fathers lived with their parents in expectation of inheriting the estate. However, Arkad disapproves of this custom and wants his son, Nomasir, to prove that he is capable of handling money.
Else, I would give it to the priests that they may barter for his soul the kind consideration of the gods. With the bag of gold, the clay tablet which was carefully wrapped in silken cloth, his slaves and the horses they rode, Nomasir went forth to make his own way. He went to Nineveh as it was a growing city. He sought out for opportunities and he joined a caravan. Nomasir made friends with a few people in the group.
The friends told Nomasir that there is an owner in Nineveh who was so confident that no one could beat his horse in speed. He is willing to wager any sum that no horse could outspeed his. The friends told Nomasir that he is over exaggerating and any horse could easily beat his. It is easy money. Nomasir joined in the wager and their horse was badly beaten.
He lost most of his gold and later discovered that it was actually a deceitful plan. The friends whom he met were actually partners with the owner and they would share the bets he won. Soon after Nomasir learnt of another bitter lesson in his journey. He met the son of a wealthy parent who is also heading towards Nineveh to search for opportunities. The young man told Nomasir that there was a merchant who recently died and his shop with its rich merchandise and patronage could be secured at a paltry price.
He suggested an equal partnership but asked Nomasir to invest his gold first. This is because he has to return to Babylon for capital and he said that his gold would be used for later ventures in the business.
However, his trip to Babylon was long and delayed. Before he even returned from Babylon, the merchandise had already deteriorated in value and the goods became unsalable. There was also no more gold to buy other goods. Nomasir later sold it to an Israelite for a pitiful sum. After losing the entire bag of gold, Nomasir had to sell his horses, his slaves and his fine robes so that he has food and shelter. In those bitter days, he suddenly remembered the clay tablet which was carved the five laws of gold.
Had he read it earlier, his gold would not have been lost. To him who is without knowledge of the five laws, gold comes not often, and goeth away quickly.
But to him who abide by the five laws, gold comes and works as his dutiful slave. It is interesting to see how both Arkad and Nomasir both made mistakes with their money when they first started out. Arkad lost his gold by giving it to a bronze maker who knows nothing about gold and Nomasir lost his gold to a plotted scam and a failed business venture.
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