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If you now want to call up a website on the Internet, the IP address is queried. The process is similar to dialing a phone number to connect to a person you want to reach. Instead, you simply connect to the DNS server, which maintains a huge database and maps website names to IP addresses. So the DNS works much like a phone book. For heise. By the way, there is not just one DNS server.
There are a total of thirteen root servers worldwide. In this case, the request is simply passed on to the next server. If none of the servers can answer the entry, you will receive an error message in the browser. As a rule, the problem then lies with the address entered. Perhaps a typing error or transposed number is to blame. In the future, it will be possible to change the operators of the 13 servers and to change the number of servers.
This is tantamount to a small revolution in the DNS. The 13 root servers, which are at the top of the DNS hierarchy, always have the latest information about which address zones can be found where in the network. You may be wondering why there are only 13 root servers. The IP address must correspond to a packet, which at that time was limited to bytes. So each IPv4 address is 32 bits, and 13 of them are bytes, with the remaining 96 bytes for protocol information. There used to be one server for each of the 13 IP addresses, today we have a server cluster for each of them, creating a network of hundreds of servers around the world using anycast routing.
This helps balance decentralization and ensure reliability even if one of the root servers is inaccessible due to, for example, a DDoS attack or another type of DNS attack. However, with IPv6 seamless on the back of its small packet size limitations, it is almost certain that more root DNS servers will appear in the future. There are hundreds of root servers in more than locations around the world.
A total of 12 organizations will be held accountable, of which VeriSign operates two. DNS is responsible for almost anything related to the Internet, and like anything else, the root system supports branches. We also hope we have cleared up some misconceptions about the true number of root servers.
The next time someone says they are 13 years old, not only will you find out the truth, but you will also find out the how and why it is behind it.
When it comes to security, DNS is still one of the most neglected parts of enterprise infrastructure. This is why performing frequent DNS audits is so important. Log in to leave a comment. Yes, add me to your mailing list. IT Roasters. Sign in. Forgot your password? Get help. Privacy Policy. Create an account. North America has 40 root server locations It should also be pointed out that two of the locations in Africa are in Johannesburg, South Africa. As it looks now, the general spread of the root servers is closely matched to Internet infrastructure and usage, which of course makes perfect sense.
The top 10 cities account for 34 of these root servers. In other words, 8. DNS root servers are vital to the Internet, and for the best performance and reliability world wide, the geographical spread of the root server network is very important. The less sensitive it becomes to local disturbances e.
However, it is very likely that as the Internet keeps growing, many more root servers will be added, hopefully spreading the network even more and not concentrating it to a limited amount of locations.
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