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Trailer hitch ball mounts here. Sway control brackets distribute weight by maintaining upward pressure on spring arms.
The amount of pressure on the spring arms is a factor of trailer tongue weight and vehicle suspension. The friction sway control utilizes this pressure to control trailer sway. Friction is enhanced by downward pressure from trailer tongue and upward pressure on spring arms.
These opposing pressures come together to create an unequaled sway control system. A weight-distributing system applies leverage for heavier loads, lbs. It offers a more level ride, greater steering and brake control and enhances towing safety. For example, if the weight distribution system has a 1, pound kilogram tongue weight capacity but the trailer is loaded with only pounds kilograms of tongue weight with 50 pounds 23 kilograms of cargo in the trunk of the towing vehicle, you're about pounds kilograms under the rating.
That can make the distribution unpredictable and dangerous. On the other hand, if the system is rated to 1, pounds kilograms of tongue weight but you're attempting to distribute 1, pounds kilograms of tongue weight, the system won't be able to distribute the weight effectively and you'll also have some serious problems. Keep that infamous rule from "The Price Is Right" in mind when choosing a weight distribution system -- you want to bid the closest without going over.
A second choice you'll have to make during the selection process is which type of spring bars you want in the system.
There are two common basic styles: round or trunnion. Round bars usually offer a little more clearance space for hooking up the trailer, but trunnion bars can increase the system's weight rating. The advantages presented by either round or trunnion bars vary from setup to setup, so it's good to consult with someone who has experience while you're trying to decide.
Another factor to consider when purchasing a weight distribution system is whether you want additional features like sway control. Generally, the systems are naturally less inclined to sway so you can probably hold off on that purchase at first. If you're still experiencing sway and provided you didn't do a really bad job packing or are driving too fast , then you might want to look into adding a sway control system too.
Some systems are two-in-one, with weight distribution systems and sway control systems combined. On the next page, we'll look at how weight distribution systems are installed and the nitty-gritty on how they operate. Most trailer hitches feature a 2-inch receiver and the weight distribution system can be inserted directly into that. The first part you'll install is called a shank. These usually plug into the receiver and can be turned in an upward or downward direction, due to the fact that when both vehicles are level, one is often lower or higher than the other.
A head assembly is mounted onto the shank, and it provides both the platform for the hitch ball and the spring bars. At this point, the trailer can be re-hitched to the towing vehicle. Once the vehicles are back together, we can continue installing the weight distribution system. In most systems, the setup basically works like this.
Spring bars remember either round bars or trunnion bars run from the head assembly to a pair of chains. These chains hang down below the trailer from a set of brackets and attach to them in a way that creates tension along the spring bars. As the tongue weight pushes the bars down, the chains pull the bars up.
In order to straighten out to their natural positions, the spring bars push up on the head assembly, distributing the weight among the axles. The next step in the process is usually to attach the chains to the spring bars and insert the bars into the head assembly. Then the brackets are mounted on the trailer and the chains are attached to those, often with a lift lock.
The brackets should be lined up with the ends of the bars, and you generally want at least five chain links showing. There are two main elements to keep in mind during the installation process. The first is the change in the height of the wheel well rims of the two vehicles. You'll want to measure them before, during and after installation to make sure the weight distribution system is spreading the weight evenly and appropriately.
The second aspect is the angle of the bars -- they should run parallel to the tongue of the trailer or downwards towards the ground, and often the head assembly can be tilted to accommodate this or the amount of chain links can be adjusted.
Some systems especially those that also offer enhanced sway control may use slight variations, such as a pair of L-shaped brackets in place of the chains, but the systems work in similar ways.
While the Weight Distribution Hitch WDH is nothing more than a band-aid solution, its adherents support their use with venom. Back in the s, Aussies loved a caravan. The rule made sense. Our caravans were much simpler — and lighter — back then: air conditioning, a washing machine, an ensuite and onboard 12v power were unheard of. More weight was plonked on the towball too.
Grimly hanging onto the old per cent rule, vans were built to make the tow tug take a kg to kg share of the weight. Then came the WDH. Caravanners now had trusty big, thick steel spring bars that could shift up to kg away from the rear axle of the tow vehicle to the front.
Their tow vehicles rode level and they felt like they could actually steer and brake once again. Then things came unstuck — literally. Caravan forums ran hot, blaming the vehicles and their towbars for not being up to scratch. Part of the problem is, not many caravanners read the fine print when they stick on their shiny new WDHs. In the instructions of a well-known WDH manufacturer, it actually says that the spring bar tension must be released when negotiating spoon drains and the like. You see that all the time.
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